MEPhI researchers have shown that CL-20 molecules can covalently bind with the help of "molecular bridges," making dimers and tetramers (Fig.2) stable at liquid nitrogen boiling temperature.

Microbial light-driven ion-pumping rhodopsins generate the membrane potential in response to light by actively transporting ions across the cell membrane 1. In the light-adapted state, the chromophore ...

The positive areas of the water molecules surround the negative Chloride ions. The negative areas of the water molecules surround the positive sodium ions. As the attractions from the water molecules ...