Abstract: Quartz crystals are mechanical resonators with piezoelectric properties. The piezoelectric properties (electric potential across the crystal is proportional to mechanical deformation) allow ...

Crystal oscillators are fundamental components in modern electronic systems, providing the precise timing necessary for communication, computation, and sensor network operations. Recent advances in ...

Crystal oscillators are often one of the last components that a designer thinks about, but the wrong part can quickly kill a design. Moreover, searching through a wide variety of available oscillators ...

Fig 1. This Pierce-series resonant oscillator can reliably start at supply voltages as low as 2.4 V. It also draws very low current, ensuring long battery life. Fig 2. An oscilloscope photo shows the ...

Appropriately cut quartz crystals can be used as high-quality electromechanical resonators. Their piezoelectric properties (voltage across the crystal deforms it; deforming the crystal generates a ...