Current conveyor (CC) circuits are among the most common current-mode circuits and are used as critical building blocks in a variety of complex circuits. Unlike voltage-mode circuits, current-mode ...

Editor’s note: Most modern designs have been using voltage mode elements like op-amps for implementation of various electronic circuits. These elements are used widely due to their small sizes and ...

Many current-sensing ICs are available for applications that require single-quadrant operation, where positive common-mode voltages are present and current flows in only one direction. There are also ...

In the last Circuit VR we looked at some basic op amp circuits in a simulator, including the non-inverting amplifier. Sometimes you want an amplifier that inverts the signal. That is a 5V input ...

Sometimes I wish FETs had become practical before bipolar transistors. A FET is a lot more like a tube and amplifies voltages. Bipolar transistors amplify current and that makes them a bit harder to ...

The power transistor must be chosen to provide fast response while also withstanding high power dissipation. Several electrical and thermal characteristics must be considered: 1. An array of N current ...