Almost all biosensors that use ligand-receptor binding operate under equilibrium conditions. However, at low ligand concentrations, the equilibration with the receptor (e.g., antibodies and aptamers) ...
Predicting the stability of chemical compounds as a function of solution chemistry is crucial towards understanding the electrochemical characteristics of materials in real-world applications. There ...
A dynamic equilibrium is formed in a reversible reaction when the rates of the forward and reverse reaction are equal and the amounts of the reactants and the products remains constant. In this ...