An integrator that you configure with an op amp is a simple circuit consisting of a resistor, a capacitor, and an op amp, so how can anything go wrong? In Figure 1, when Z F is a capacitor, the closed ...

In my previous article on common op-amp circuits, I mentioned that operational amplifiers were used for analog computing, where analog circuits simulated the behavior of complex systems. That article ...

Bob Pease got an e-mail in 2006 from an engineer who was having trouble with an integrator circuit. Amplifiers are often called op amps because they were originally used as operational amplifiers.

The design of a standard inverting integrator is simple when bipolar supplies are available, but it's cumbersome with a unipolar supply. To allow adequate headroom for the output, the circuit must be ...