The field of behavioural psychology investigates the ways in which reinforcement schedules shape actions across both human and non-human subjects. By systematically varying the contingencies of ...

The age of truly autonomous artificial intelligence, where systems proactively learn, adapt and optimize amid real-world complexities instead of simply reacting, has been a long-held aspiration. Now, ...

Operant conditioning is a theory that explains how behaviors are influenced by their consequences or results. It’s often used today to help people adopt new behaviors or change old habits. If you’ve ...

At the core of reinforcement learning is the concept that the optimal behavior or action is reinforced by a positive reward. Similar to toddlers learning how to walk who adjust actions based on the ...

Operant conditioning is B.F. Skinner’s name for instrumental learning: learning by consequences. Not a new idea, of course. Humanity has always known how to teach children and animals by means of ...

DeepSeek-R1's release last Monday has sent shockwaves through the AI community, disrupting assumptions about what’s required to achieve cutting-edge AI performance. Matching OpenAI’s o1 at just 3%-5% ...

Our eLibrary offers over 25,000 IMF publications in multiple formats. The application of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) in economics has been an area of active research in recent years. A number of ...

If you walk down the street shouting out the names of every object you see — garbage truck! bicyclist! sycamore tree! — most people would not conclude you are smart. But if you go through an obstacle ...

In the 1980s, Andrew Barto and Rich Sutton were considered eccentric devotees to an elegant but ultimately doomed idea—having machines learn, as humans and animals do, from experience. Decades on, ...

Social media companies know the power of reinforcement and do their best to deliver this to you to keep you hooked. However, there are things you can do to counter-control these attempts to keep you ...