Immune cells called B cells make antibodies that fight off invading bacteria, viruses and other foreign substances. During their preparation for this battle, B cells transiently revert to a more ...

Exhaustion is something cancer immunologists have been focused on with T cells -- immune cells that destroy pathogens, such as cancer. But Ruffin was one of the first to observe this exhaustion in ...

A previously unknown structure discovered in our cells could pave the way toward new treatments for various genetic disorders. The existence of the organelle—which has been dubbed the "hemifusome"—was ...