The basic physical process of irradiating a material with photons of a known energy and measuring the ejected photoelectrons has remained unchanged over six decades since it was first commercialized.

Combining microscopy and machine-learning techniques leads to faster, more precise analyses of critical coating materials ...

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Electrical resistivity is a basic property that quantifies a material’s opposition to current flow—it’s the reciprocal of conductivity. The resistivity of a material depends upon several factors, ...

Laser-based manufacturing and materials processing technology has proven to be a well-established and cutting-edge technology ...