Through urine, feces, placentas, carcasses and sloughing skin, whales bring thousands of tons of nitrogen and other nutrients from high-latitude areas like Alaska and Antarctica to low-nutrient ...

Coral reefs critical to the protection of coastlines across tropical ... Meanwhile in the north and south polar regions, marine plankton will be lost; some are already growing thinner and weaker ...

These pressures have huge effects on the coral reefs—impacting the amount of ... in particular species of omnivores, plankton feeders and herbivores, have reduced. In contrast, these trophic ...

“And [the nutrients] can be picked up by phytoplankton, coral reef systems, fish, birds, and have an impact on these distant ecosystems,” Roman said. The impact on phytoplankton is ...