The use of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) by young athletes has been a primary concern of sports governing bodies because of the implications for unfair advantage in performance and the potential ...

Background Open-water swimming (OWS) is a popular mass-participation sport in the UK; however, it presents unique safety and medical challenges. Objective To compare the incidence of illness and ...

The global prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse (PoP) varies widely, but it is estimated that up to 40% of women will experience some degree of PoP in their lifetime. The likelihood of developing PoP ...

Using real-time data capture strategies to study OPA and cardiometabolic risk To address the empirical gaps described above and better establish a causal linkage, evidence is needed to understand ...

Objective: To describe the characteristics of badminton in order to determine the energy requirements, temporal structure, and movements in the game that indicate performance level. To use the ...

Objectives This study assessed knowledge, beliefs and practices of elite female footballers regarding injury prevention. Methods A survey was sent to players participating in the FIFA Women’s World ...

Background: In January 2007 the International Rugby Board implemented a new law for scrum engagement aimed at improving player welfare by reducing impact force and scrum collapses. In New Zealand the ...

Objective To compare the effects of a programme of load management education plus exercise, corticosteroid injection use, and no treatment on pain and global improvement in individuals with gluteal ...

Objectives We aimed to investigate which prevention strategies for low back pain (LBP) are most effective. Design We completed a Bayesian network meta-analysis to summarise the comparative ...

Background Training load, previous injury and genetics, have traditionally been considered the primary risk factors for progressive osteoarthritis in athletes. However, advances in microbiome research ...

Objective: To briefly review biochemical changes that may result from prolonged strenuous exercise and to relate these changes to health risk. Methods: Medline and Sports Discus databases were ...

Background Surface electromyography (sEMG) is used extensively in the assessment of hamstring muscle activity. Conventional sEMG techniques may not fully represent overall muscle activity, despite ...