Deterrence in an international relations context is the application of deterrence theory to avoid conflict.

Deterrence by denial should not be equated with military balances alone. Deterrence by punishment, on the other hand, threatens severe penalties, such as nuclear escalation or severe economic …

Nov 10, 2025 · Deterrence theory is a key idea in criminology and criminal justice policy. It suggests that the threat of punishment can stop people from committing crimes. In other words, people will avoid …

The Deterrence Model posits that conflicts arise from acts of appeasement made in the false expectation that appeasement will elicit better behavior from the other side, when in fact it elicits worse behavior.

This study aims to build upon existing literature and proposes an integrated deterrence-based model that consists of the classical deterrence theory, reconceptualised deterrence model and informal …

The deterrence theory posits that when the act’s external harm exceeds its private gain, the act is socially undesirable and should be deterred at the lowest social cost. The government deters …

The complex nature of social context, human interaction, and individual decision making cannot be accounted for by the basic model of deterrence theory. Additional research supports Stafford and …

Aug 6, 2015 · It summarizes two synergistic variants of the classical specification of deterrence and contrasts them with competing explanatory frameworks, then examines the empirical literature on …

Apr 15, 2025 · This article explores the definition of deterrence theory, its historical development, core mechanisms, types of deterrence, critiques, and how it is being adapted to today’s evolving threat …

Feb 24, 2025 · Deterrence Theory in criminology suggests that individuals are less likely to commit crimes when they perceive the risks of punishment as severe, certain, and swift. Deterrence Theory …